Oral rehydration solution coverage in under 5 children with diarrhea: a tri-country, subnational, cross-sectional comparative analysis of two demographic health surveys cycles.

BMC Public Health
Philimon N GonaChabila C Mapoma

Abstract

More than 3 million children under 5 years in developing countries die from dehydration due to diarrhea, a preventable and treatable disease. We conducted a comparative analysis of two Demographic Health Survey (DHS) cycles to examine changes in ORS coverage in Zimbabwe, Zambia and Malawi. These surveys are cross-sectional conducted on a representative sample of the non-institutionalized individuals. The sample is drawn using a stratified two-stage cluster sampling design with census enumeration areas, typically, selected first as primary sampling units (PSUs) and then a fixed number of households from each PSU. We examined national and sub-regional prevalence of ORS use during a recent episode of diarrhea (within 2 weeks of survey) using DHSs for 2007-2010 (1st Period), and 2013-2016 (2nd Period). Weighted proportions of ORS were obtained and multivariable- design-adjusted logistic regression analysis was used to obtain Odds Ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and weighted proportions of ORS coverage. Crude ORS coverage increased from 21.0% (95% CI: 17.4-24.9) in 1st Period to 40.5% (36.5-44.6) in 2nd Period in Zimbabwe; increased from 60.8% (56.1-65.3) to 64.7% (61.8-67.5) in Zambia; and decreased from 72.3% (68....Continue Reading

References

Aug 17, 1968·Lancet·D R NalinR A Phillips
Apr 2, 2010·International Journal of Epidemiology·Melinda K MunosRobert E Black
Feb 25, 2014·Current Gastroenterology Reports·Henry J BinderGraeme P Young
Aug 8, 2014·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Jai K DasZulfiqar A Bhutta
Mar 21, 2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·N A WardropA J Tatem
Apr 6, 2018·Journal of Global Health·Emily D CarterThomas P Eisele
Aug 22, 2018·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Roger I Glass, Barbara J Stoll

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