PMID: 9447861Feb 3, 1998Paper

Oral transmucosal etomidate in volunteers

Anesthesiology
J B StreisandT H Stanley

Abstract

The oral transmucosal route of delivery is now used for many drugs, including fentanyl and midazolam. Etomidate's pharmacokinetic profile and physiochemical properties suggest it may be suitable for transmucosal delivery. Transmucosal delivery might extend etomidate's use to sedation and anxiolysis. This is the first study in humans to examine the oral transmucosal administration of a novel etomidate dosage form. Ten healthy adult volunteers consumed 12.5-mg, 25-mg, 50-mg, and 100-mg doses of oral transmucosal etomidate (OTET) on four different study days. Serum etomidate concentrations, sedation, respiratory and cardiovascular variables, taste, and side effects were determined. Five minutes after OTET administration, etomidate was detected in the venous blood. Mean peak concentrations occurred 20-30 min later and ranged from 61-174 ng/ml, related to the dose administered. Drowsiness and light sleep occurred in a dose-related manner 10-20 min after administration and lasted for 30-60 min. No episodes of SpO2 <90%, hypotension, or emesis occurred at any dose throughout the study. Nausea was rare. Two volunteers exhibited a brief episode of involuntary tremor after the 100-mg dose. The bitter taste of OTET was judged increasingly...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 3, 2001·Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·W J RuthA J Bock
Jul 20, 2002·Clinical Pharmacokinetics·Hao ZhangJames B Streisand
Oct 28, 2014·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·James M Smoliga, Otis Blanchard
Jan 26, 2011·Anesthesiology·Stuart A Forman
Jun 19, 2003·Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a Journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies·J D Tobias
Nov 20, 1998·Anesthesiology·G R Lauretti
Jun 2, 2021·Clinical Pharmacokinetics·Beatrijs I Valk, Michel M R F Struys
Sep 7, 2004·British Journal of Anaesthesia·J R Sneyd

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