Orexins (hypocretins) and adrenal function

Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Métabolisme
Olaf JöhrenPeter Dominiak

Abstract

The recently discovered neuropeptides orexin A and B regulate feeding behavior, neuroendocrine and autonomic functions, and sleep-wakefulness by central mechanisms. The expression of orexins and orexin receptors in various peripheral organs and the presence of orexin A in blood indicate the existence of a peripheral orexin system. In rat and human adrenal glands, both OX (1) and OX (2) receptor subtypes have been described with a predominant expression of OX (2) receptors in the adrenal cortex. In male rats, adrenocortical OX (2) receptors are much higher expressed than in female rats. Various experimental data demonstrate a stimulatory effect of orexins on the secretion of adrenocortical steroids, mainly on glucocorticoids. Some results also suggest the regulation of catecholamine synthesis and release by orexins. Whether the gender-dependent expression of adrenocortical OX (2) receptors has functional correlates awaits future clarification. As plasma orexin appears to rise during hunger and hypoglycemia, orexins may link adrenal functions with energy homeostasis.

Citations

Sep 2, 2009·Acta Physiologica·S M Kagerer, O Jöhren
Jan 30, 2007·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Ishrath AnsurudeenHolger S Willenberg
Apr 28, 2009·Animal Reproduction Science·Tadeusz KaminskiJadwiga Przala
Sep 15, 2005·The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Agnieszka ZiolkowskaGastone G Nussdorfer
May 4, 2013·Journal of Applied Physiology·Michael H Chase
Mar 2, 2006·Pharmacological Reviews·Raffaella SpinazziGastone G Nussdorfer
Oct 2, 2009·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Jan WenzelOlaf Jöhren
Mar 7, 2017·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Karol JopekMarcin Rucinski

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