Orf virus infection and host immunity

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
David M Haig

Abstract

A summary of recent advances in our knowledge of the biology of orf virus is presented to illustrate the interaction of a zoonotic pathogen with host skin. This is providing novel and interesting data on the viral mechanism of skin infection and the host response. The full genome sequences of two parapoxviruses (orf virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus) have recently been published, defining the parapoxvirus genus at the molecular genetic level. This, along with more detailed characterization of viral immuno-modulatory proteins, is providing an insight into the acquisition of host genes and the mechanism of pathogenesis. A new chemokine-binding protein has been discovered with unique features. Structure-function analysis of the viral granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor inhibitory factor has revealed a similarity to type 1 cytokine receptors. The viral vascular endothelial growth factor-E stimulates angiogenesis in the skin without the side effects seen with cellular vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and may have therapeutic potential. Finally, orf virus is proving useful both as an immuno-modulator and as a vector for the expression of foreign antigens in non-permissive species. Orf virus infection provoke...Continue Reading

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Jul 20, 2012·BMC Veterinary Research·Jörg RohdeHanns-Joachim Rziha
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Jul 17, 2021·Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine·Tesfaye Kassa
Oct 7, 2021·PLoS Pathogens·Sushil KhatiwadaDaniel L Rock

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