PMID: 6414346Aug 1, 1983Paper

Organ blood flow and distribution of cardiac output in hypocapnic ketamine-anesthetized swine

American Journal of Veterinary Research
W J TranquilliG J Benson

Abstract

Organ blood flow and distribution of cardiac output (CO) were determined in 9 awake (control) and ketamine-anesthesized swine (4 mg/kg bolus followed by continuous infusion of 0.3 mg/kg/min, IV), using 15 micron diameter radionuclide-labeled microspheres. Absolute values of blood flow (per 100 g basis) were determined for various organs and peripheral tissues. Internal organs of the swine, which constituted 8.25 +/- 0.79% of the total body mass, received 55.83 +/- 5.13% of the CO. The fraction of CO received by brain, heart, kidneys, liver (via hepatic artery), and gastrointestinal tract was 1.10%, 2.67%, 19.84%, 11.81%, and 16.84%, respectively. During ketamine anesthesia, the fraction of CO perfusing the kidneys and liver (hepatic artery) increased from control and values for brain, heart, and splanchnic organs remained unchanged. Blood flow (per unit weight) of brain, cardiac, and splanchnic organs decreased; kidney and skeletal muscle blood flow was unaltered; and hepatic arterial blood flow increased from the awake (control) values. The hyperdynamic state often associated with ketamine anesthesia was not evident in these pigs during intermittent positive-pressure ventilation resulting in hypocapnia.

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.