Origin and development of descending catecholaminergic pathways to the spinal cord in amphibians

Brain Research Bulletin
C Sánchez-CamachoA González

Abstract

The origin and development of the supraspinal catecholaminergic (CA) innervation of the spinal cord was studied in representative species of the three amphibian orders (Anura: Xenopus laevis and Rana perezi; Urodela: Pleurodeles waltl; Gymnophiona: Dermophis mexicanus). Using retrograde dextran amine tracing in combination with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunohistochemistry, we showed that only four brain centers contribute to the CA innervation of the adult spinal cord: (1) the ventrolateral component of the posterior tubercle, (2) the periventricular nucleus of the zona incerta, (3) the locus coeruleus, and (4) the nucleus of the solitary tract (except for gymnophionans). The pattern observed is largely similar in all amphibian species studied. The development of the CA innervation of the spinal cord was studied with in vitro double labeling methods in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. At stage 40/41, the first CA neurons projecting to the spinal cord were found to originate in the posterior tubercle. At stage 43, spinal projections were found from the periventricular nucleus of the zona incerta and the locus coeruleus, whereas spinal projections from the nucleus of the solitary tract were not observed before stage 53. These results d...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1986·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·P van MierH J ten Donkelaar
Mar 15, 1994·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·D Peruzzi, C J Forehand
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May 2, 2001·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·C Sánchez-CamachoA González

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Citations

Dec 22, 1998·Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews·A ReinerC L Veenman
Apr 25, 2003·Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research·Catalina SueiroRamón Anadón
Jun 24, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A d'Avella, E Bizzi
Nov 21, 2008·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Stéphanie ChevallierJean-Marie Cabelguen
Sep 12, 2012·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Laura DomínguezNerea Moreno
Dec 18, 2009·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Edda KastenhuberWolfgang Driever
Oct 18, 2008·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Antón Barreiro-IglesiasMaría Celina Rodicio
May 18, 2018·Cold Spring Harbor Protocols·Kurt M Gibbs, Ben G Szaro

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