Origin and diversification of basic-helix-loop-helix proteins in plants.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
Nuno Pires, Liam Dolan

Abstract

Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are a class of transcription factors found throughout eukaryotic organisms. Classification of the complete sets of bHLH proteins in the sequenced genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa (rice) has defined the diversity of these proteins among flowering plants. However, the evolutionary relationships of different plant bHLH groups and the diversity of bHLH proteins in more ancestral groups of plants are currently unknown. In this study, we use whole-genome sequences from nine species of land plants and algae to define the relationships between these proteins in plants. We show that few (less than 5) bHLH proteins are encoded in the genomes of chlorophytes and red algae. In contrast, many bHLH proteins (100-170) are encoded in the genomes of land plants (embryophytes). Phylogenetic analyses suggest that plant bHLH proteins are monophyletic and constitute 26 subfamilies. Twenty of these subfamilies existed in the common ancestors of extant mosses and vascular plants, whereas six further subfamilies evolved among the vascular plants. In addition to the conserved bHLH domains, most subfamilies are characterized by the presence of highly conserved short amino acid motifs. We conclude th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 16, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Shogo ItoTakato Imaizumi
Feb 1, 2011·Journal of Experimental Botany·Imène HichriVirginie Lauvergeat
Nov 20, 2010·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Arnau Sebé-PedrósIñaki Ruiz-Trillo
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Jan 30, 2013·Plant & Cell Physiology·Kyoko Ohashi-ItoHiroo Fukuda
Jul 5, 2013·Plant & Cell Physiology·Jong-Pil HongRyoung Shin
Jan 11, 2012·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Nuno D Pires, Liam Dolan
Aug 28, 2012·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Joshua K Sailsbery, Ralph A Dean
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May 22, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Nuno D PiresLiam Dolan
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