Origin and dynamics of vortex rings in drop splashing

Nature Communications
Ji San LeeJung Ho Je

Abstract

A vortex is a flow phenomenon that is very commonly observed in nature. More than a century, a vortex ring that forms during drop splashing has caught the attention of many scientists due to its importance in understanding fluid mixing and mass transport processes. However, the origin of the vortices and their dynamics remain unclear, mostly due to the lack of appropriate visualization methods. Here, with ultrafast X-ray phase-contrast imaging, we show that the formation of vortex rings originates from the energy transfer by capillary waves generated at the moment of the drop impact. Interestingly, we find a row of vortex rings along the drop wall, as demonstrated by a phase diagram established here, with different power-law dependencies of the angular velocities on the Reynolds number. These results provide important insight that allows understanding and modelling any type of vortex rings in nature, beyond just vortex rings during drop splashing.

References

Aug 9, 2003·Nature·David L HuJohn W M Bush
Mar 28, 2009·Nature·Pinaki ChakrabortySusan W Kieffer
Sep 26, 2012·Physical Review Letters·B S HamlinW D Ristenpart
Sep 26, 2012·Physical Review Letters·Marie-Jean ThoravalSigurdur T Thoroddsen
Dec 12, 2012·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·A A Castrejón-PitaI M Hutchings
Dec 12, 2012·Physical Review Letters·Ji San LeeKamel Fezzaa

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Citations

Mar 28, 2017·Scientific Reports·Beom Seok KimHyung Hee Cho
Aug 5, 2016·Nature Communications·Duo AnMinglin Ma
Aug 8, 2020·Soft Matter·Sang-Hyeon LeeJung Ho Je
Apr 15, 2016·Physical Review. E·Marie-Jean ThoravalSigurdur T Thoroddsen
Dec 25, 2019·Physical Review. E·Quan DingZhizhao Che
Jul 11, 2019·ACS Nano·Qiuyan YangChao Gao

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

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