Origin, evolution, and virulence of porcine deltacoronaviruses in the United States

MBio
Yuanmei MaJianrong Li

Abstract

A novel porcine deltacoronavirus (PdCV) was first discovered in Ohio and Indiana in February 2014, rapidly spread to other states in the United States and Canada, and caused significant economic loss in the swine industry. The origin and virulence of this novel porcine coronavirus are not known. Here, we characterized U.S. PdCV isolates and determined their virulence in gnotobiotic and conventional piglets. Genome analyses revealed that U.S. PdCV isolates possess unique genetic characteristics and share a close relationship with Hong Kong and South Korean PdCV strains and coronaviruses (CoVs) of Asian leopard cats and Chinese ferret-badgers. The PdCV-positive intestinal content (Ohio CVM1) and the cell culture-adapted PdCV Michigan (MI) strain were orally inoculated into gnotobiotic and/or conventional piglets. Within 1 to 3 days postinfection, profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration were observed. Clinical signs were associated with epithelial necrosis in the gastric pits and small intestine, the latter resulting in severe villous atrophy. Mild interstitial pneumonia was identified in the lungs of PdCV-infected piglets. High levels of viral RNA (8 to 11 log RNA copies/g) were detected in intestinal tissues/luminal c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 28, 2015·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·Nitipong HomwongDouglas Marthaler
Mar 18, 2016·Expert Review of Vaccines·Lanying DuShibo Jiang
Mar 13, 2016·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·J H LeeB K Park
Dec 21, 2016·The Journal of General Virology·Puxian FangShaobo Xiao
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Apr 4, 2019·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·Claudia Pérez-RiveraJosé Ivan Sánchez-Betancourt
Apr 27, 2019·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Xin HuangGuangliang Liu
Oct 10, 2019·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·Guangming DingGuangliang Liu
Feb 25, 2020·Emerging Microbes & Infections·Yue-Lin YangYan-Dong Tang
Oct 18, 2015·Archives of Virology·Leyi WangYan Zhang
Oct 13, 2017·Archives of Virology·Van Phan LeDong-Jun An

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KF272920
JQ065042

Methods Mentioned

BETA
electron microscopy
PCR
light microscopy

Software Mentioned

InterProScan
MEGA
SeqMan
DNASTAR

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