Oscillating Square Wave Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Delivered During Slow Wave Sleep Does Not Improve Declarative Memory More Than Sham: A Randomized Sham Controlled Crossover Study

Brain Stimulation
Gregory L SahlemMark S George

Abstract

A 2006 trial in healthy medical students found that anodal slow oscillating tDCS delivered bi-frontally during slow wave sleep had an enhancing effect in declarative, but not procedural memory. Although there have been supporting animal studies, and similar findings in pathological groups, this study has not been replicated, or refuted, in the intervening years. We therefore tested these earlier results for replication using similar methods with the exception of current waveform (square in our study, nearly sinusoidal in the original). Our objective was to test the findings of a 2006 trial suggesting bi-frontal anodal tDCS during slow wave sleep enhances declarative memory. Twelve students (mean age 25, 9 women) free of medical problems underwent two testing conditions (active, sham) in a randomized counterbalanced fashion. Active stimulation consisted of oscillating square wave tDCS delivered during early Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. The sham condition consisted of setting-up the tDCS device and electrodes, but not turning it on during sleep. tDCS was delivered bi-frontally with anodes placed at F3/F4, and cathodes placed at mastoids. Current density was 0.517 mA/cm(2), and oscillated between zero and maximal current a...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Oct 7, 2015·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Géza Gergely AmbrusAndrea Antal
Sep 30, 2016·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Tamas MinarikPaul Sauseng
Apr 7, 2017·Neuron·Bryce A ManderMatthew P Walker
Aug 3, 2018·Hippocampus·Ralitsa Todorova, Michaël Zugaro
Feb 2, 2020·Sleep Medicine Clinics·Roneil G Malkani, Phyllis C Zee
Nov 13, 2020·Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Zanna J VoyseyAlpar S Lazar
May 2, 2020·Schizophrenia Research·Flavio Fröhlich, Caroline Lustenberger
Apr 10, 2018·Trends in Neurosciences·Kristine A WilckensDaniel J Buysse
Jun 25, 2021·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Clément DondéPierre A Geoffroy

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