PMID: 9432081Jan 31, 1998Paper

Osteologic classification of the sphenopalatine foramen

The Laryngoscope
M J Wareing, N D Padgham

Abstract

Textbook descriptions and illustrations of the opening of the sphenopalatine foramen (SPF) into the nasal cavity place it above and behind the posterior end of the middle turbinate (i.e., within the superior meatus). Although true for some skulls, this is not the situation for the majority and may be of importance, because the major blood supply to the nasal cavity enters via this route. Having studied 238 lateral nasal walls, the authors propose a classification of the osteology of the sphenopalatine foramen. In class I (35%) the opening of the SPF is purely into the superior meatus with a notch or foramen in the middle turbinate/ethmoidal crest of the palatine bone. In class II (56%) the SPF spans the ethmoidal crest (i.e., opens into both the superior and middle meati). In class III (9%) there are two separate openings into the superior and middle meati. These findings may explain the route of the artery to the inferior turbinate and indicate the need for care in dealing with the posterior end of the middle turbinate. They may also suggest a potential site for dealing with "difficult" epistaxis via an intranasal route.

References

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Citations

Jul 24, 2008·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·J M PradesCh Martin
Jan 9, 2009·The Journal of Laryngology and Otology·L HadouraD Young
Oct 9, 2002·The Laryngoscope·Hye Yeon LeeJoo-Heon Yoon
May 8, 2007·Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery·Richard Douglas, Peter-John Wormald
Mar 7, 2012·American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy·Luke Rudmik, Timothy L Smith
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Nov 21, 2013·European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·Juan R Gras-CabrerizoHumbert Massegur-Solench
Jun 3, 2009·Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology·Adriana Bernardini Antunes ScanavineWilma Terezinha Anselmo-Lima
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Sep 9, 2000·American Journal of Rhinology·P J WormaldC A van Hasselt

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