Osteopontin: A Key Regulator of Tumor Progression and Immunomodulation.

Cancers
Hannah R MoormanKebin Liu

Abstract

OPN is a multifunctional phosphoglycoprotein expressed in a wide range of cells, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, neurons, epithelial cells, T, B, NK, NK T, myeloid, and innate lymphoid cells. OPN plays an important role in diverse biological processes and is implicated in multiple diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, kidney, proinflammatory, fibrosis, nephrolithiasis, wound healing, and cancer. In cancer patients, overexpressed OPN is often detected in the tumor microenvironment and elevated serum OPN level is correlated with poor prognosis. Initially identified in activated T cells and termed as early T cell activation gene, OPN links innate cells to adaptive cells in immune response to infection and cancer. Recent single cell RNA sequencing revealed that OPN is primarily expressed in tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells in human cancer patients. Emerging experimental data reveal a key role of OPN is tumor immune evasion through regulating macrophage polarization, recruitment, and inhibition of T cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, in addition to its well-established direct tumor cell promotion function, OPN also acts as an immune checkpoint to negatively regulate T cell activation. ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 3, 2021·Cancers·Joanna OlszańskaDorota Nowak
Jun 29, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Elisa Helena Farias JandreyÉrico Tosoni Costa
Sep 28, 2021·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Andrew ReisnerChristina A Rostad
Oct 13, 2021·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Zhiguo LingYueqi Chen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ChIP
xenograft
biopsies
immunodepletion

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