Osteoporosis. Medical prevention and treatment

Spine
J M Lane

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a bone disorder characterized by deficient bone mass and fragility fractures of the hip, wrist, and spine. The therapeutic strategies for treating osteoporosis are designed to maximize peak bone mass through proper nutrition, appropriate intake of calcium and vitamin D, maintenance of physiologic menstrual cycles, and a program of weight bearing and strengthening exercises. For the conditions of high bone turnover--osteoporosis in which osteoclastic resorption is increased--efficacious treatment options include hormone replacement therapy, calcitonin, and bisphosphonates. Osteoporosis with low bone turnover results from deficient osteoblastic bone formation and responds to the experimental drug programs of fluoride, parathyroid hormone, and parathyroid hormone related peptide analogues. Determination of bone density defines the patient's current condition, measurement of the level of N-telopeptides (collagen breakdown products) predicts the patient's future regarding osteoporotic fractures, and the presence of risk factors for hip fracture establish the therapeutic window for treatment.

References

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Citations

Jan 23, 1999·The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons·J M Lane, M Nydick
Apr 5, 2002·Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners·E S Durst
Dec 12, 2001·Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society·T AnaiT Matsuo
Feb 23, 1999·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·A L BoskeyR D Blank
Aug 10, 1999·Journal of Surgical Oncology·L A NewmanS E Singletary
Oct 31, 2007·Journal of American College Health : J of ACH·Sharon H Thompson
Mar 19, 1999·Annals of Surgical Oncology·D B PearlstoneS E Singletary
Mar 30, 2000·Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research·J M LaneS N Khan
Jan 5, 2002·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·K S LeungL Qin

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