Abstract
Avian mycobacteriosis is a chronic and contagious disease of pet birds, captive exotic, wild and domestic fowl and mammals. Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium is the most common cause of avian mycobacteriosis in poultry. For the first time, we report a chronic outbreak of avian mycobacteriosis in an Iranian breeder flock of 250 45-week-old turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) with a morbidity and mortality rate of 91.6 and 80%, respectively. A well-defined clinical feature of the outbreak included a progressive weight loss, decreased egg production, listlessness, and lameness. Tuberculous nodules were seen on liver, spleen, ovary, and ribs. Granulomatous inflammation and acid-fast bacilli were confirmed by using Ziehl-Neelsen method on hepatic lesions. M. avium subsp. avium was identified by polymerase chain reaction techniques based on the presence of 16S ribosomal RNA gene and insertion elements IS1245 and IS901. In this report, we not only describe the epidemiological, pathological, and molecular characteristics of the outbreak in detail, but we also discuss multiple factors influencing the introduction and development of avian mycobacteriosis critically. In this case, wild feral pigeons might have been the source of infection, but f...Continue Reading
References
Sep 1, 1991·Molecular Microbiology·Z M KunzeJ J McFadden
Nov 1, 1991·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·D van SoolingenJ D van Embden
Jun 1, 1991·Tubercle·R L CromieJ L Stanford
Jul 16, 1985·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·S E GoelzB Vogelstein
Dec 1, 1986·Australian Veterinary Journal·I J Gill, M L Blandy
Feb 1, 1995·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·C GuerreroA Telenti
Jan 1, 1993·Journal of Hepatology·C Bréchot
Apr 6, 2001·Revue Scientifique Et Technique·L A TellR L Cromie
Jul 23, 2002·The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society·Shan-Rong ShiClive R Taylor
Dec 24, 2002·Avian Diseases·Marta GonzálezManuel Pizarro
Apr 19, 2003·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Richard C HuardJohn L Ho
Sep 13, 2003·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·J M MillerJ L Ellingson
Jul 31, 2004·Avian Diseases·Mark HoenerhoffScott Fitzgerald
Apr 21, 2005·Avian Diseases·Richard W Gerhold, John R Fischer
Jul 29, 2005·Journal of Clinical Pathology·R CouraP Ashton-Prolla
Apr 19, 2006·Avian Diseases·K R ClarkeW M Reed
Sep 18, 2007·Veterinary Microbiology·J E ShitayeI Pavlik
Sep 28, 2007·Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A·Miguel D SaggeseDavid N Phalen
Dec 20, 2007·Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery·J Jill HeatleyThomas N Tully
Mar 6, 2008·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·Carmel L WitteBruce A Rideout
Apr 30, 2008·Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science : JAAWS·Mohan Raj
Jan 16, 2010·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Carmel L WitteBruce A Rideout
Jul 22, 2011·Veterinary Medicine International·Kuldeep DhamaPradeep Mahadev Sawant
Aug 24, 2013·Journal of Translational Medicine·Nehal N MehtaCarrie Brodmerkel
Mar 7, 2014·Avian Diseases·Pamela KellyJohn J Callanan
Dec 19, 2014·Avian Diseases·Mohie HaridyTokuma Yanai
Sep 10, 2016·Avian Diseases·De-Kang ZhuAn-Chun Cheng
Nov 24, 2016·Journal of Parasitic Diseases : Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology·Maryam RassouliSeyed Rasoul Rosstami Lima
Feb 19, 2019·Australian Veterinary Journal·P J HodgeA H Noormohammadi