Outbreak of Iris yellow spot virus in Onion Seed Crops in Central Oregon

Plant Disease
F J Crowe, H R Pappu

Abstract

Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) of the genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae is considered an emerging or reemerging pathogen affecting onions in the United States. The virus has been endemic to the Treasure Valley of southern Idaho for more than a decade (4). Reports of its further spread came from several states in the region, most recently from New Mexico and Washington (1,3). During the 2004 growing season, a few onion seed crops near Madras (Jefferson County) in central Oregon showed symptoms suggestive of IYSV infection, including characteristic diamond-shaped scape lesions (2). By July, scapes in one-half of a 4-ha field were 100% symptomatic and 95% lodged, leading to nearly total crop failure; in the other half, scapes were 30 to 40% symptomatic and 15% lodged, with symptoms and lodging increasing weekly at 8 weeks before harvest. The half of this crop with greater incidence was immediately adjacent to a field where very limited IYSV-like symptoms were noticed in a 2002-2003 onion seed crop that was harvested in mid-August 2003, after the highly symptomatic 2003-2004 onion seed crop was planted next to it in early July 2003. Both crops were planted from true seed. In another onion seed crop located 1,000 m away, IYSV-lik...Continue Reading

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