Outcome of simian-human immunodeficiency virus strain 89.6p challenge following vaccination of rhesus macaques with human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein

Journal of Virology
Peter SilveraJay Rappaport

Abstract

The regulatory proteins Nef, Rev, and Tat of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are attractive targets for vaccine development, since induction of effective immune responses targeting these early proteins may best control virus replication. Here we investigated whether vaccination with biologically active Tat or inactive Tat toxoid derived from HIV-1(IIIB) and simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) strain 89.6p would induce protective immunity in rhesus macaques. Vaccination induced high titers of anti-Tat immunoglobulin G in all immunized animals by week 7, but titers were somewhat lower in the 89.6p Tat group. Dominant B-cell epitopes mapped to the amino terminus, the basic domain, and the carboxy-terminal region. Tat-specific T-helper responses were detected in 50% of immunized animals. T-cell epitopes appeared to map within amino acids (aa) 1 to 24 and aa 37 to 66. In addition, Tat-specific gamma interferon responses were detected in CD4+ and/or CD8+ T lymphocytes in 11 of 16 immunized animals on the day of challenge. However, all animals became infected upon intravenous challenge with 30 50% minimal infective doses of SHIV 89.6p, and there were no significant differences in viral loads or CD4+ T-cell counts be...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 19, 2003·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·J Rappaport
Mar 19, 2003·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Max W RichardsonJay Rappaport
Oct 25, 2002·DNA and Cell Biology·Emanuele Fanales-BelasioBarbara Ensoli
Feb 18, 2004·DNA and Cell Biology·Max W RichardsonJay Rappaport
Feb 8, 2013·Journal of Virology·Barbara C BachlerRuth M Ruprecht
Feb 14, 2003·Journal of Virology·Ilia TikhonovC David Pauza
Nov 15, 2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jean D BoyerDavid B Weiner
Jul 4, 2002·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S M AgwaleD M Hone
Mar 16, 2007·Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs·Emma J Bishop, Benjamin P Howden
Feb 27, 2004·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·M C D G HuigenH S L M Nottet
Jul 10, 2008·Cytometry. Part a : the Journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology·M Anthony Moody, Barton F Haynes
Nov 25, 2004·Current Opinion in Biotechnology·Flavia FerrantelliBarbara Ensoli
Oct 9, 2009·International Reviews of Immunology·Antonella CaputoBarbara Ensoli
Dec 24, 2003·International Reviews of Immunology·Emmanuel G RégulierJay Rappaport

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