Over-Expression and Prognostic Significance of HHLA2, a New Immune Checkpoint Molecule, in Human Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Zhen ZhangYi Zhang

Abstract

HHLA2, a newly identified B7 family member, regulates T cell functions. However, the expression and prognostic value of HHLA2 in solid tumors is ill defined. This study aimed to reveal the expression landscape of HHLA2 in various solid tumors, and to evaluate its prognostic value in kidney clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we investigated the expression pattern of HHLA2 across 22 types of cancer. HHLA2 and CD8 protein expression was determined via immunohistochemistry (IHC). KIRC-specific findings were further analyzed with R software and the prognostic value was validated on tissue microarrays. HHLA2 was widely expressed in cancers at both the mRNA and protein levels. Among all tested tumors, KIRC showed the highest transcript level of HHLA2, and HHLA2 levels were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in matched normal samples, as evidenced by both TCGA and IHC data. HHLA2 was also positively correlated with survival rates in KIRC based on TCGA and clinical data. Receiver operating characteristic curves data showed the prognostic value of HHLA2 for patients with KIRC in TCGA. Moreover, HHLA2 was positively correlated with immune-related genes, while HHLA2 and CD8 expression exhibi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 16, 2021·European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·Daoliang SongXin Li
Jul 11, 2021·Science Immunology·Yao WeiXingxing Zang
Jan 28, 2022·American Journal of Clinical Pathology·Xiaoyan Liao, Dongwei Zhang

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GSE40435
GSE46699
US10093737
US
10280208

Methods Mentioned

BETA
chip

Software Mentioned

ClueGO
R
GraphPad Prism
GraphPad
TCGA
Cytoscape
DAVID Bioinformatics Resources

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