Overtraining and immune system: a prospective longitudinal study in endurance athletes

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
H H GabrielW Kindermann

Abstract

A prospective longitudinal study investigated for 19 +/- 3) months whether immunophenotypes of peripheral leukocytes were altered in periods of severe training. Leukocyte membrane antigens (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD45, CD45RO, and CD56) of endurance athletes were immunophenotyped (dual-color flow cytometry) and list mode data analyzed by a self-learning classification system in a state of an overtraining syndrome (OT; N = 15) and several occasions without symptoms of staleness (NS; N = 70). Neither at physical rest nor after a short-term highly intensive cycle ergometer exercise session at 110% of the individual anaerobic threshold did cell counts of neutrophils, T, B, and natural killer cells differ between OT and NS. Eosinophils were lower during OT, activated T cells (CD3+HLA/DR+) showed slight increases (NS: 5.5 +/- 2.7; OT 7.3 +/- 2.4% CD3+ of cells; means +/- SD; P < 0.01) during OT without reaching pathological ranges. The cell-surface expression of CD45RO (P < 0.001) on T cells, but not cell concentrations of CD45RO+ T cells, were higher during OT. OT could be classified with high specificities (92%) and sensitivities (93%). It is concluded that OT does not lead to clinically relevant alterations of immunophen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 26, 2000·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·L T Mackinnon
Dec 2, 2004·Sports Medicine·Shona L Halson, Asker E Jeukendrup
Sep 29, 2006·Sports Medicine·Esther NederhofTheo Mulder
Feb 13, 2002·Sports Medicine·Lawrence E Armstrong, Jaci L VanHeest
Aug 6, 2004·Sports Medicine·Christer Malm
May 5, 2020·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Jenni N IkonenMinna M Tanskanen-Tervo
Oct 24, 2002·Sports Medicine·Cyril PetiboisGérard Déléris
Dec 3, 2016·Journal of Applied Physiology·Jonathan M PeakeRichard J Simpson
Jun 12, 2008·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·John B BartholomewJanice S Todd
Jan 16, 2007·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Aaron J CouttsGreg J Rowsell
Feb 23, 2018·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Artur JuszkiewiczAnna Skarpańska-Stejnborn
Jan 31, 2002·Sports Medicine·Axel Urhausen, Wilfried Kindermann
Oct 4, 2008·Journal of Applied Physiology·Inge D WijnbergJohannes H van der Kolk

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