Oxidative damage to neurons caused by the induction of microglial NADPH oxidase in encephalomyocarditis virus infection

Neuroscience Letters
Yasuhisa AnoTakashi Onodera

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in diverse vital functions including host defense via anti-viral and anti-bacterial effects, but ROS also lead to peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radical production, which are powerful mediators of brain injury in brain inflammation. It is known that NADPH oxidases (NOX) are the major source of ROS. In the present study, NOX2 expression and distribution were examined after intracranial encephalomyocarditis virus B variant (EMCV-B) infection, which causes encephalitis. The reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry showed that the expression and distribution of NOX2 were significantly up-regulated after EMCV-B infection in microglial cells, which invaded into the surrounding regions where neurons were subjected to oxidative stress. These findings suggest that the oxidative stress generated by NOX2 in activated microglial cells damages neurons and that this is an important process in the pathogenesis of EMCV-B infection.

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Citations

Oct 6, 2011·Archivum Immunologiae Et Therapiae Experimentalis·Carlos K B FerrariAdenilda C Honorio-França
May 15, 2012·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Michael J Surace, Michelle L Block
Jul 28, 2012·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yasuhisa AnoTakashi Onodera
Jan 1, 2014·Fish & Shellfish Immunology·Cindy BiniasXavier de Montaudouin
Nov 22, 2013·Advances in Virology·Sanjeev K Anand, Suresh K Tikoo
May 15, 2013·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Michelle Smeyne, Richard Jay Smeyne
Jun 23, 2012·Virulence·Margot Carocci, Labib Bakkali-Kassimi
May 14, 2016·World Journal of Virology·Carlos A Guerrero, Orlando Acosta
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Apr 24, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Upayan PatraMamta Chawla-Sarkar
Feb 2, 2019·Journal of Neuroinflammation·Kristen E Funk, Robyn S Klein
May 6, 2021·Reviews in Medical Virology·Willem J SanderHester G O'Neill

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