Oxidative, Reductive, and Nitrosative Stress Effects on Epigenetics and on Posttranslational Modification of Enzymes in Cardiometabolic Diseases.

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Israel Pérez-TorresV Guarner-Lans

Abstract

Oxidative (OS), reductive (RS), and nitrosative (NSS) stresses produce carbonylation, glycation, glutathionylation, sulfhydration, nitration, and nitrosylation reactions. OS, RS, and NSS are interrelated since RS results from an overactivation of antioxidant systems and NSS is the result of the overactivation of the oxidation of nitric oxide (NO). Here, we discuss the general characteristics of the three types of stress and the way by which the reactions they induce (a) damage the DNA structure causing strand breaks or inducing the formation of 8-oxo-d guanosine; (b) modify histones; (c) modify the activities of the enzymes that determine the establishment of epigenetic cues such as DNA methyl transferases, histone methyl transferases, acetyltransferases, and deacetylases; (d) alter DNA reparation enzymes by posttranslational mechanisms; and (e) regulate the activities of intracellular enzymes participating in metabolic reactions and in signaling pathways through posttranslational modifications. Furthermore, the three types of stress may establish new epigenetic marks through these reactions. The development of cardiometabolic disorders in adult life may be programed since early stages of development by epigenetic cues which ma...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 9, 2021·Glycobiology·Abdul Rouf MirMoin Uddin
Mar 9, 2021·Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal·Adrián Palacios ChavarríaMaria Elena Soto
Aug 7, 2021·Biomolecules·Magdalena WiecekJadwiga Szymura

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
acetylation
carbonylation
histone acetylation
ubiquitination
nuclear translocation

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