Oxidative stress and apoptotic effects of copper and cadmium in the zebrafish liver cell line ZFL

Toxicology Reports
Man Long Kwok, King Ming Chan

Abstract

Copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) are widely used in industrial activities, resulting in Cu and Cd contamination in aquatic systems worldwide. Although Cu plays an essential role in many biological functions, an excessive amount of the metal causes cytotoxicity. In contrast, Cd is a non-essential metal that usually co-exists with Cu. Together, they cause oxidative stress in cells, leading to cell damage. These metal ions are also believed to cause cell apoptosis. In this study, we used a zebrafish liver cell line, ZFL, to study combined Cu and Cd cytotoxicity. Although Cd is more toxic than Cu, both were found to regulate the expression of oxidative stress related genes, and neither significantly altered the activity of oxidative stress related enzymes. Co-exposure tests with the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine and the Cu chelator bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt demonstrated that Cd toxicity was due to the oxidative stress caused by Cu, and that Cu at a low concentration could in fact exert an antioxidant effect against the oxidative stress in ZFL. Excessive Cu concentration triggered the expression of initiator caspases (caspase 8 and caspase 9) but suppressed that of an executioner caspase (caspase 3), halting apoptosis...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 11, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Anja SadžakSuzana Šegota
Aug 8, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Siyu MaXuming Mo

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
Protein Assay
Assay
flow cytometry
MDA
enzymatic assay

Software Mentioned

FlowJo
PRISM
GraphPad Prism

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