Oxymetazoline: potential mechanisms of inhibitory effects on aqueous humor dynamics

Pharmacology
T C ChuD E Potter

Abstract

Oxymetazoline, an alpha 2 agonist, was active in lowering intraocular pressure in normal and sympathetically denervated rabbit eyes. Ocular hypotension was accompanied by decreased aqueous humor inflow. Topical pretreatment with rauwolscine, an alpha 2 antagonist, reduced the oxymetazoline-induced hypotensive effect more in contralateral than in ipsilateral eyes indicating the possible involvement of central alpha 2 adrenoceptors. Efaroxan, a relatively selective imidazoline antagonist, and diclofenac, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, failed to inhibit the oxymetazoline-induced ocular hypotensive response. Oxymetazoline induced mydriasis in treated eyes at all doses. In in vitro studies, oxymetazoline inhibited isoproterenol-stimulated cAMP production in rabbit iris-ciliary bodies and cultured rabbit nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells. The inhibition of cAMP accumulation induced by oxymetazoline was antagonized by rauwolscine or by BRL-44408, a relatively selective alpha 2A-adrenoceptor antagonist. These data indicate that oxymetazoline lowered intraocular pressure by activating alpha 2A receptors (ciliary epithelium) and that the ocular hypotensive effect was not totally dependent on intact sympathetic nerves. Results suggest th...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 1, 2000·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes·A K AlegakisV Liakou
Sep 12, 2002·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Teh-Ching Chu, David E Potter
Mar 10, 2004·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Eugenia ChuTeh-Ching Chu
Jul 31, 2008·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·David J MillerJohn W Higuchi
Feb 26, 2004·Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan·Shuhei Sakaguchi
Jan 6, 2000·Experimental Eye Research·E ChuD E Potter
Aug 6, 1999·Experimental Eye Research·T C ChuD E Potter

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