Oxysteroids: a new class of steroids with autocrine and paracrine functions

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism : TEM
Norman B Javitt

Abstract

Oxysteroids are a new classification for sterol intermediates in cholesterol synthesis that undergo enzyme-catalyzed stereo-specific 25R,26-hydroxylation and thus bypass cholesterol as the expected end-product. Recently, they were identified in micromolar amounts in the plasma of patients with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS). An additional three oxysteroids, the 25,26-hydroxy derivatives of lanosterol, zymosterol, and desmosterol, respectively, were generated in vitro by CYP27A1-transfected bacteria. As there are 19 steps between cholesterol and lanosterol, the first post-squalene sterol, a potentially large class of oxysteroids exists. Limited studies of 25r,26-7-dehydrocholesterol indicate a traditional role as a ligand for nuclear receptors, but complete evaluation of oxysteroids for novel biologic activities is lacking. Currently, the lack of authentic oxysteroid standards limits both their detection in biologic fluids and evaluation of their biologic effects.

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Citations

Feb 4, 2010·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Libin XuNed A Porter
Jan 24, 2007·Ecotoxicology·René Lafont, Michel Mathieu
Jun 28, 2011·Chemistry and Physics of Lipids·Luigi Iuliano
Jan 15, 2014·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Noriyuki MiyoshiHiroshi Ohshima
Nov 8, 2019·Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators·William J Griffiths, Yuqin Wang
Aug 25, 2011·Chemical Reviews·Huiyong YinNed A Porter
Mar 17, 2020·Current Medicinal Chemistry·Afshin SamadiMassimiliano Peana

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