PMID: 11921192Mar 29, 2002Paper

p53 as a mutagen test in breast cancer

Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
Kathleen A Hill, S S Sommer

Abstract

The p53 gene is mutated in about half of all tumors. The p53 gene can be used as a "mutagen test," that is, the relative frequencies of the different types of mutation can be used as an epidemiological tool to explore the contribution of exogenous mutagens vs. endogenous processes in particular cancers. p53 has been used as a mutagen test in breast cancer. Surprisingly, the pattern of p53 mutations differs among 15 geographically and ethnically diverse populations. In contrast, mutation patterns in the human factor IX gene are similar in geographically and ethnically diverse populations. Diverse p53 mutation patterns in breast cancer are consistent with a significant contribution by a diversity of exogenous mutagens. Breast tissue may be uniquely sensitive to lipophilic mutagens because of its unique architecture, characterized by tiny islands of cancer-prone mammary epithelial cells surrounded by a sea of adipocytes. Mammary epithelial cells may be differentially susceptible to released lipophilic mutagens preferentially concentrated in adjacent adipocytes and originating in the diet. To test this hypothesis, we developed a method for measuring mutation load from ethanol-fixed, paraffin-embedded human tissues immunohistochemic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 24, 2012·Carcinogenesis·Dawid WalerychGiannino Del Sal
Feb 7, 2013·BMC Cancer·Manlio MattioniEliuccia Mastropasqua
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