Pac1 Signals of Human Herpesviruses Contain a Highly Conserved G-Quadruplex Motif

ACS Infectious Diseases
Banhi BiswasPerumal Vivekanandan

Abstract

Packaging signals ( pac1 and pac2) of human herpesviruses (HHVs) that contain GC-rich elements are essential for cleavage and packaging of the virus. Here, we report the presence of putative G-quadruplex sequences (PQSs) in the packaging signal ( pac1) of all HHVs. Importantly, the residues critical for the formation of G-quadruplex structures were highly conserved as compared to those not critical for the formation of this DNA secondary structure, indicating that G-quadruplexes are positively selected within pac1 in the evolution of herpesviruses. CD spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, native/denaturing gel, and DMS footprinting confirmed the formation of G-quadruplex structures in all pac1 PQS oligonucleotides analyzed; the majority of the PQS had the propensity to form intermolecular structures. The presence of highly conserved G-quadruplex motifs at genomic locations critical for virus packaging has not been previously recognized. Our findings provide a new perspective on the putative functions of G-quadruplexes in virus genomes.

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Citations

May 18, 2019·BMC Genomics·Nandhini SaranathanPerumal Vivekanandan
May 30, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Emilia Puig LombardiAlain Nicolas
Oct 31, 2020·Nucleic Acid Therapeutics·Josué CarvalhoCarla Cruz
May 29, 2021·Pharmacological Reviews·Ardavan AbiriHamid-Reza Rahimi
Jun 9, 2021·PloS One·Efres Belmonte-RecheManuel Bañobre-López
May 14, 2019·ACS Infectious Diseases·Emanuela RuggieroSara N Richter
Mar 20, 2020·ACS Chemical Biology·Robert E BoerJohn S Schneekloth

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