Palmitoylation: A Fatty Regulator of Myocardial Electrophysiology

Frontiers in Physiology
Kobina EssandohMatthew J Brody

Abstract

Regulation of cardiac physiology is well known to occur through the action of kinases that reversibly phosphorylate ion channels, calcium handling machinery, and signaling effectors. However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that palmitoylation or S-acylation, the post-translational modification of cysteines with saturated fatty acids, plays instrumental roles in regulating the localization, activity, stability, sorting, and function of numerous proteins, including proteins known to have essential functions in cardiomyocytes. However, the impact of this modification on cardiac physiology requires further investigation. S-acylation is catalyzed by the zDHHC family of S-acyl transferases that localize to intracellular organelle membranes or the sarcolemma. Recent work has begun to uncover functions of S-acylation in the heart, particularly in the regulation of cardiac electrophysiology, including modification of the sodium-calcium exchanger, phospholemman and the cardiac sodium pump, as well as the voltage-gated sodium channel. Elucidating the regulatory functions of zDHHC enzymes in cardiomyocytes and determination of how S-acylation is altered in the diseased heart will shed light on how these modifications participate in c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 21, 2020·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Filip Zmuda, Luke H Chamberlain
Nov 19, 2020·Journal of Cell Science·Christine SalaunLuke H Chamberlain
Dec 17, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Francesco SchianchiJoost J F P Luiken
Jul 31, 2020·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Josefin SoppertHeidi Noels
Aug 14, 2020·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·T Dung Nguyen, P Christian Schulze
Sep 28, 2020·Cellular Signalling·Caglar Gök, William Fuller
May 14, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Jessica J ChenDarren Boehning

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
deacylation
GTPases

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