Panax notoginseng Saponins Regulate Macrophage Polarization under Hyperglycemic Condition via NF-κ B Signaling Pathway

BioMed Research International
Yan ZhaoLihong Wang

Abstract

Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), the principal constituents derived from Panax notoginseng, have been extensively used for treating cardiocerebral vascular diseases in China and other Asian countries. The main effects of PNS were anti-inflammatory properties, inhibition of platelet aggregation, improvement of blood flow and insulin resistance, and so on. This study was carried out to explore the effects of PNS on macrophage polarization under hyperglycemic conditions. Human acute monocyte leukemia cell line THP-1 cells were induced into macrophages with Phorbol ester (PMA). Macrophages were then divided into five groups as follows: control (5.5mMol/l glucose), hyperglycemia group (15mMol/l glucose), hyperglycemia plus low-dose PNS (20ug/ml), hyperglycemia plus moderate-dose PNS (40ug/ml), and hyperglycemia plus high-dose PNS (60ug/ml). After 48-hour cell culture, the percentages of M1- and M2-polarized macrophages were measured by flow cytometry analysis. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to evaluate the Ym1 and arginase 1 expression in macrophages. Protein expression of arginase 1, NF-κB p50, p65, and inhibitor of κB (IκB) alpha phosphorylation in macrophages was identif...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
protein assay
PCR
PMA
flow cytometry
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

FlowJo

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