Parastagonospora nodorum and related species in western Canada: genetic variability and effector genes

Phytopathology
Mohamed Abdel-FattahReem Aboukhaddour

Abstract

Parastagonospora nodorum is a fungal pathogen that causes septoria nodorum blotch in wheat. It produces several necrotrophic effectors; three have been cloned, SnToxA, SnTox1, and SnTox3. In this study, P. nodorum and its sister species Parastagonospora avenaria tritici (Pat1) were isolated from wheat node and grain samples collected from distanced sites in western Canada during 2018. The presence of effector genes and associated haplotypes were determined by PCR and sequence analysis. An ITS-RFLP test was developed to distinguish between leaf spotting pathogens including: P. nodorum, Pat1, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Bipolaris sorokiniana. P. nodorum was mainly recovered from wheat nodes and to a lesser extent from the grains, while Pat1 was exclusively isolated from grain samples. The effector genes were present in almost all P. nodorum isolates, with the ToxA haplotype 5 (H5) being most prevalent, while a novel ToxA haplotype (H21) is reported for the first time. In Pat1, combinations of SnTox1 and SnTox3 genes were present. A ToxA haplotype network was constructed to assess the evolutionary relationship among globally found haplotypes to date. Finally, cultivars representing wheat development in Canada for the last cen...Continue Reading

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