Parenting Practices and Adolescent Effortful Control: MAOA T941G Gene Polymorphism as a Moderator

Frontiers in Psychology
Bao ZhaoWenxin Zhang

Abstract

Effortful control (EC) plays a crucial role in psychopathology disorders. Emerging studies have paid attention to the effects of G × E interaction on EC. The present study investigated interactions between monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) T941G polymorphism with parenting practices on EC in a sample of 1,531 Chinese adolescents. The adolescents completed the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised (EATQ-R) EC scale and the Parenting Style Index provided during the study to assess EC and parenting practices, respectively. MAOA T941G polymorphism exerted no effect on adolescent EC; however, results revealed that the MAOA gene interacted with parental acceptance/involvement in their associations with EC among boys. Specifically, although increased levels of parental acceptance/involvement benefited all adolescents, boys with G alleles of the MAOA gene exhibited higher sensitivity to parental acceptance/involvement, compared with T carriers; this interaction was not significant among girls. This study is the first to identify MAOA × parenting interaction on adolescent EC, further contributing to the literature in MAOA gene-EC.

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