Passive and dynamic muscle architecture during transverse loading for gastrocnemius medialis in man

Journal of Biomechanics
David RyanJames M Wakeling

Abstract

External forces from our environment impose transverse loads on our muscles. Studies in rats have shown that transverse loads result in a decrease in the longitudinal muscle force. Changes in muscle architecture during contraction may contribute to the observed force decrease. The aim of this study was to quantify changes in pennation angle, fascicle dimensions, and muscle thickness during contraction under external transverse load. Electrical stimuli were elicited to evoke maximal force twitches in the right calf muscles of humans. Trials were conducted with transverse loads of 2, 4.5, and 10 kg. An ultrasound probe was placed on the medial gastrocnemius in line with the transverse load to quantify muscle characteristics during muscle twitches. Maximum twitch force decreased with increased transverse muscle loading. The 2, 4.5, and 10 kg of transverse load showed a 9, 13, and 16% decrease in longitudinal force, respectively. Within the field of view of the ultrasound images, and thus directly beneath the external load, loading of the muscle resulted in a decrease in the muscle thickness and pennation angle, with higher loads causing greater decreases. During twitches the muscle transiently increased in thickness and pennation ...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 3, 2019·Physiology·Thomas J RobertsEmanuel Azizi
Dec 28, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·David A Sleboda, Thomas J Roberts
Sep 29, 2020·Frontiers in Physiology·James M WakelingNilima Nigam
Dec 8, 2020·Frontiers in Physiology·David S RyanJames M Wakeling
Feb 5, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·David S RyanJames M Wakeling
Mar 4, 2021·Biology Letters·Ethan S WoldThomas J Roberts
Apr 27, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Stephanie A RossJames M Wakeling
Mar 13, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Tim J van der Zee, Arthur D Kuo

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