Abstract
Herbal medicines are used in many countries for maintaining health and treating diseases. Their efficacy depends on the use of the correct materials, and life-threatening poisoning may occur if toxic adulterants or substitutes are administered instead. Identification of a medicinal material at the DNA level provides an objective and powerful tool for quality control. Extraction of high-quality DNA is the first crucial step in DNA authentication, followed by a battery of DNA techniques including whole genome fingerprinting, DNA sequencing and DNA microarray to establish the identity of the material. New or improved technologies have been developed and valuable data have been collected and compiled for DNA authentication. Some of these technologies and data are patentable. This article provides an overview of some recent patents that cover the extraction of DNA from medicinal materials, the amplification of DNA using improved reaction conditions, the generation of DNA sequences and fingerprints, and the development of high-throughput authentication methods. It also briefly explains why these patents have been granted.
References
Nov 25, 1990·Nucleic Acids Research·J G WilliamsS V Tingey
Nov 11, 1995·Nucleic Acids Research·P VosM Kuiper
Jul 1, 1995·Science & Justice : Journal of the Forensic Science Society·R GillanN D Watson
Mar 1, 1994·Journal of Ethnopharmacology·K S CheungP C Shaw
Feb 13, 1993·Lancet·J L VanherweghemR Vanhaelen-Fastre
Jul 13, 1996·BMJ : British Medical Journal·P P ButC K Lee
Jan 1, 1996·Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin·R NakaiS Shiraishi
Jul 1, 1997·Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin·H FushimiT Namba
Apr 29, 1998·Nucleic Acids Research·E DesmaraisJ Lagnel
Feb 24, 1999·Parasitology·Z WuY Takahashi
Nov 27, 1999·Planta medica·R Z FuP C Shaw
Mar 21, 2002·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·W Y HaJ Wang
Jan 30, 2004·Planta medica·Yan-Bo ZhangPang-Chui Shaw
May 27, 2004·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Andrea GerminiCorrado Fogher
Jun 11, 2004·Nephrology·Sangho LeeMyungjae Kim
Jun 17, 2004·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Stanley Hok-King LoAlbert Chan
Aug 8, 2007·Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry·Stephen Cho-Wing SzeYao Tong
Sep 7, 2007·Chinese Medicine·Pui Ying YipHoi Shan Kwan
Citations
Jun 26, 2010·BMC Genomics·Shao-Ke LouPang-Chui Shaw
May 20, 2011·Chinese Medicine·Linhai NiuEdwin Pang
Dec 14, 2011·Chinese Medicine·Ming LiPang-Chui Shaw
Feb 22, 2011·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Linhai NiuEdwin C K Pang
Aug 8, 2013·Mitochondrial DNA·Mingcheng LiJie Guo
Mar 27, 2019·Chinese Medicine·Liang XuTingguo Kang
May 10, 2018·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Jingjian LiWei Sun
Jan 12, 2021··Xiangyu MengMingcheng Li