Pathobiology of Tennessee 2017 H7N9 low and high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in commercial broiler breeders and specific pathogen free layer chickens

Veterinary Research
Kateri BertranMary J Pantin-Jackwood

Abstract

In March 2017, H7N9 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus was detected in 2 broiler breeder farms in the state of Tennessee, USA. Subsequent surveillance detected the low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) virus precursor in multiple broiler breeder farms and backyard poultry in Tennessee and neighboring states. The pathogenesis of the H7N9 LPAI virus was investigated in commercial broiler breeders, the bird type mostly affected in this outbreak. Infectivity, transmissibility, and pathogenesis of the H7N9 HPAI and LPAI viruses were also studied in 4-week-old specific pathogen free (SPF) leghorn chickens. The mean bird infectious doses (BID50) for the LPAI isolate was 5.6 log10 mean egg infectious dose (EID50) for broiler breeders and 4.3 log10 EID50 for SPF layer chickens, and no transmission to contact-exposed birds was observed. In both bird types, virus shedding was almost exclusively from the oropharyngeal route. These findings suggest sub-optimal adaptation for sustained transmission with the H7N9 LPAI isolate, indicating that factors other than the birds genetic background may explain the epidemiology of the outbreak. The BID50 for the HPAI isolate in SPF layer chickens was more than 2 logs lower (<2 log10 EID5...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 5, 2019·Viruses·Evelien A GermeraadJose L Gonzales
Sep 4, 2019·Annual Review of Animal Biosciences·Amir GhorbaniChang-Won Lee

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KY818816-KY818823

Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA

Software Mentioned

GraphPad [UNK]

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