Pathogenesis of Keratoconus: The intriguing therapeutic potential of Prolactin-inducible protein

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
Rabab SharifDimitrios Karamichos

Abstract

Keratoconus (KC) is the most common ectatic corneal disease, with clinical findings that include discomfort, visual disturbance and possible blindness if left untreated. KC affects approximately 1:400 to 1:2000 people worldwide, including both males and females. The aetiology and onset of KC remains a puzzle and as a result, the ability to treat or reverse the disease is hampered. Sex hormones are known to play a role in the maintenance of the structure and integrity of the human cornea. Hormone levels have been reported to alter corneal thickness, curvature, and sensitivity during different times of menstrual cycle. Surprisingly, the role of sex hormones in corneal diseases and KC has been largely neglected. Prolactin-induced protein, known to be regulated by sex hormones, is a new KC biomarker that has been recently proposed. Studies herein discuss the role of sex hormones as a control mechanism for KC onset and progression and evidence supporting the view that prolactin-induced protein is an important hormonally regulated biomarker in KC is discussed.

Citations

Apr 5, 2019·Eye & Contact Lens·Döndü Melek UlusoyAyşe Çiçek
Aug 8, 2019·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Uri Simcha SoibermanJames William Foster
Aug 31, 2019·Scientific Reports·Rabab SharifDimitrios Karamichos
Oct 17, 2019·Cells·Tina B McKayDimitrios Karamichos
Nov 27, 2019·Cells·Dimitrios KaramichosJesper Hjortdal
Mar 5, 2020·Ocular Immunology and Inflammation·Mariann FodorBence Lajos Kolozsvári
Sep 5, 2020·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Tanja StachonNóra Szentmáry
Jun 12, 2020·Scientific Reports·Tina B McKayDimitrios Karamichos
Dec 20, 2019·Scientific Reports·Mariam Lofty KhaledYutao Liu
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Dec 29, 2020·Tuberculosis·Reema BansalAmod Gupta
Feb 20, 2021·Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde·Tobias RöckKarl Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt
Mar 27, 2021·Current Ophthalmology Reports·Jingwen CaiYutao Liu
Jun 17, 2021·Scientific Reports·Sungsoon HwangDong Hui Lim
Aug 26, 2021·Clinical Ophthalmology·Loay Abdulmutalib Almusawi, Furkaan Majied Hamied
Aug 12, 2021·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Lucas E L TerceiroYvonne Myal

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