Pathways and mechanisms linking dietary components to cardiometabolic disease: thinking beyond calories

Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
K L StanhopeR M Krauss

Abstract

Calories from any food have the potential to increase risk for obesity and cardiometabolic disease because all calories can directly contribute to positive energy balance and fat gain. However, various dietary components or patterns may promote obesity and cardiometabolic disease by additional mechanisms that are not mediated solely by caloric content. Researchers explored this topic at the 2017 CrossFit Foundation Academic Conference 'Diet and Cardiometabolic Health - Beyond Calories', and this paper summarizes the presentations and follow-up discussions. Regarding the health effects of dietary fat, sugar and non-nutritive sweeteners, it is concluded that food-specific saturated fatty acids and sugar-sweetened beverages promote cardiometabolic diseases by mechanisms that are additional to their contribution of calories to positive energy balance and that aspartame does not promote weight gain. The challenges involved in conducting and interpreting clinical nutritional research, which preclude more extensive conclusions, are detailed. Emerging research is presented exploring the possibility that responses to certain dietary components/patterns are influenced by the metabolic status, developmental period or genotype of the indiv...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 16, 2019·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·Catherine G Russell, Alan Russell
Aug 14, 2019·European Journal of Preventive Cardiology·Katharina LechnerJohannes Scherr
Nov 16, 2019·Nutrients·Heather Seid, Michael Rosenbaum
Aug 25, 2019·Nutrients·Marja-Riitta TaskinenJan Borén
Nov 7, 2019·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·Jenna R CummingsA Janet Tomiyama
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Apr 3, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Alfonso GalderisiSonia Caprio
Jul 22, 2020·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·Inês PreguiçaFlávio Reis
Aug 23, 2020·Obesity Surgery·Rena C MoonMuhammad Jawad
Jun 10, 2020·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·George A Bray, Claude Bouchard
May 6, 2019·Nutrients·Alexandra PepinPascal Imbeault
Jul 6, 2020·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Jiayong ZhangJin Guo
Jan 8, 2021·Current Obesity Reports·Desiree M Sigala, Kimber L Stanhope
Jan 20, 2021·European Journal of Nutrition·Ines PerrarUte Alexy
Jun 20, 2020·The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology·Norbert Stefan
May 5, 2021·Advances in Nutrition·Filippa JuulNiyati Parekh

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