Pattern of declining blood pressure across replicate population surveys of the WHO MONICA project, mid-1980s to mid-1990s, and the role of medication

BMJ : British Medical Journal
H Tunstall-PedoeK Kuulasmaa

Abstract

Declining mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were observed in most populations of the World Health Organization MONICA (monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease) project from the mid-1980s to mid-1990s. We tested whether pooled results would show mean change associated with decline in high readings only, resulting from better antihypertensive medication, or with similar falls in low, middle, and high readings, implying other causes. Independent, random sample, cross sectional population surveys, each end of the MONICA decade. 38 populations in 21 countries across four continents. Design target in each survey of 200 participants in each 10 year age and sex group from age 35 to 64 Changes in the population in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and in low, middle, and high readings-the 20th, 50th, and 80th centiles-and the differences between these changes. Individual populations differed considerably, but pooling the 38 population results gave mean changes in systolic blood pressure of -2.2 mm Hg in men, -3.3 mm Hg in women, and in diastolic blood pressure of -1.4 mm Hg in men and -2.2 mm Hg in women (overall average -2.26 mm Hg, population median -1.55 mm Hg). Antihypertensive medication, as...Continue Reading

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