Patterns of cytokine induction by gram-positive and gram-negative probiotic bacteria

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology
M L CrossLinley M Fray

Abstract

Bacteria used in commercial probiotic preparations are most commonly gram-positive lactic acid-producing species, although there are also some probiotic products which utilise gram-negative coliform bacteria. Characterising how the innate immune system responds to these bacteria in vitro may give an indication as to the likely immunomodulatory events that can be triggered following probiotic administration in vivo. Here, an established gram-positive probiotic (Lactobacillus casei Shirota) was compared against a novel gram-negative probiotic strain (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917) for its ability to induce cytokine production in a cell type representative of the innate immune system; in addition, responses were contrasted against those induced by an enteropathogenic coliform, E. coli 2282. We investigated the ability of these three bacterial strains to modulate production of interleukins-10, -12 and -18; tumour necrosis factor-alpha; interferon-alpha; and transforming growth factor-beta, via a series of in vitro culture experiments involving the murine monocyte/macrophage cell line J774A.1. All bacteria induced marked secretion of IL-12 and TNFalpha by cells, while only coliforms induced production of IL-10; there was minimal or n...Continue Reading

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Citations

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