Paxillin localisation in osteocytes--is it determined by the direction of loading?

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
A VatsaJenneke Klein-Nulend

Abstract

External mechanical loading of cells aligns cytoskeletal stress fibres in the direction of principle strains and localises paxillin to the mechanosensing region. If the osteocyte cell body can indeed directly sense matrix strains, then cytoskeletal alignment and distribution of paxillin in osteocytes in situ will bear alignment to the different mechanical loading patterns in fibulae and calvariae. We used confocal microscopy to visualise the immunofluorescence-labelled actin cytoskeleton in viable osteocytes and paxillin distribution in fixated osteocytes in situ. In fibular osteocyte cell bodies, actin cytoskeleton and nuclei were elongated and aligned parallel to the principal (longitudinal) mechanical loading direction. Paxillin was localised to the 'poles' of elongated osteocyte cell bodies. In calvarial osteocyte cell bodies, actin cytoskeleton and nuclei were relatively more round. Paxillin was distributed evenly in the osteocyte cell bodies. Thus in osteocyte cell bodies in situ, the external mechanical loading pattern likely determines the orientation of the actin cytoskeleton, and focal adhesions mediate direct mechanosensation of matrix strains.

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Citations

Apr 3, 2009·Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·A SantosJ Klein-Nulend
May 5, 2012·Journal of Molecular Histology·Ann-Sophie SilberThomas Meyer
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Apr 10, 2013·Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology·Stefaan W VerbruggenLaoise M McNamara
Oct 23, 2012·Bone·Jenneke Klein-NulendSheldon Weinbaum
Jan 29, 2013·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Andrew D BaikX Edward Guo
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Aug 12, 2009·Journal of Biomechanics·Taiji AdachiHiroshi Kamioka
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May 20, 2021·Calcified Tissue International·Takuya IshimotoTakayoshi Nakano
Aug 27, 2021·Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials·Haniyeh HemmatianG Harry van Lenthe

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