PBK modeling for metals. Examples with lead, uranium, and chromium

Toxicology Letters
E J O'Flaherty

Abstract

Physiologically-based models for metals differ in several key respects from models for organic compounds. Although sequestration by binding to specific metal-binding proteins in liver, kidney, and red cell may be important, neither the magnitude and pattern of metabolism nor potential accumulation in fat is a component of models of metal kinetics. In addition, the long residence times of bone-seeking elements require that bone turnover and metabolism be incorporated into physiologically-based models for these elements. Three mechanism (rapid exchange at bone/blood interfaces, trapping or incorporation with forming bone and loss with resorbing bone, and slow exchange throughout the total bone volume) are potentially important in the overall interchange of bone-seeking elements between blood and bone. Three examples are given of applications of physiologically-based kinetic models for the bone-seeking elements lead, chromium, and uranium to assist in answering practical questions relating to bioavailability, distribution, and data interpretation.

References

Oct 1, 1992·Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·G B FreemanP D Bergstrom
Jan 1, 1996·Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·J PolákP D Bergstrom

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Citations

Jan 29, 2013·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Martin Mkandawire
May 18, 2005·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·H R PohlA J A M Sips
May 12, 2004·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·L L de ZwartA J A M Sips
Jul 30, 2003·Clinical Pharmacokinetics·David StepenskyAmnon Hoffman
Oct 4, 2019·Scientific Reports·Anca Rădulescu, Steven Lundgren
Sep 24, 2005·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·William SlikkerDonald R Mattison

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