Peak inflammation in atherosclerosis, primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune arthritis is counter-intuitively associated with regulatory T cell enrichment

Immunobiology
Stefano GarettoMarinos Kallikourdis

Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Treg) influence the development of autoimmunity and their use is increasingly proposed for clinical applications. The well-characterized suppressive potential of Treg frequently leads to the assumption that Treg presence in prevailing numbers is indicative of immunosuppression. We hypothesized that this assumption may be false. We examined models of three different diseases caused by organ-specific autoimmune responses: primary biliary cirrhosis, atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined indicators of relative abundance of Treg compared to pro-inflammatory T cells, during peak inflammation. In all cases, the results were compatible with a relative enrichment of Treg at the site of inflammation or its most proximal draining lymph node. Conversely, in healthy mice or mice successfully protected from disease via a Treg-mediated mechanism, the data did not suggest that any Treg accumulation was occurring. This counter-intuitive finding may appear to be at odds with the immunosuppressive nature of Treg. Yet extensive previous studies in RA show that an accumulation of Treg occurs at peak inflammation, albeit without resulting in suppression, as the Treg suppressive function is overcome by the cyt...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Aug 15, 2015·Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism·Yungang WangShengjun Wang
Mar 7, 2017·Nature Communications·Marinos KallikourdisGianluigi Condorelli
Jan 19, 2018·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·Elisa MartiniMarinos Kallikourdis
May 17, 2019·Cardiovascular Research·Laurent Yvan-CharvetGiuseppe Danilo Norata
Jan 13, 2016·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Jinjun WangPatrick S C Leung
Apr 17, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Elisa MartiniMarinos Kallikourdis

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism

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