Pediatric Gynecologic Cancers

Current Oncology Reports
Lauren Pommert, William Bradley

Abstract

Three primary categories of gynecologic cancer are found in pediatric and adolescent patients: stromal carcinomas including juvenile granulosa cell tumors and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, rhabdomyosarcomas arising from the vagina and cervix (sarcoma botryoides), and ovarian germ cell tumors which comprise a wide range of histologies. These entities are rare and treatment approaches have focused on decreasing late effects of chemotherapy treatment. Here, we review presentation, histologic classifications, diagnosis, and treatment recommendations for pediatric gynecologic cancers. Event-free and overall survival for these cancers is high, and the goals of treatment are minimization of morbidity and preservation of fertility with unilateral salpingo-oophorectomies and limited staging. Surveillance of tumor markers after surgery is helpful in monitoring for disease progression and adjuvant chemotherapy is often reserved for patients at recurrence. Recent literature supports avoiding chemotherapy even in high-grade germ cell tumors in the pediatric population.

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Citations

Nov 28, 2017·Journal of Medical Genetics·Catherine GoudieWilliam D Foulkes
Aug 17, 2018·Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology·Kathryn Stambough, Krista J Childress
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Mar 7, 2020·The Lancet Oncology·Henrike WesterveldRemi A Nout
Mar 7, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Christoph Wohlmuth, Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser

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