Pediatric thyroid-associated orbitopathy: the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia experience and literature review

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
Scott M GoldsteinJames A Katowitz

Abstract

As Graves' disease is uncommon in children, Graves' eye disease should be even more unusual. Here we report our experience with Graves' eye disease at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and review the literature on ophthalmic findings in children with Graves' disease. A retrospective review identified 152 children with Graves' disease seen in the endocrinology clinic of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia over a 3-year period. Of this cohort, only 26 (17%) were referred to ophthalmology because of prominent ophthalmic manifestations. The ages of the patients ranged from 4 months to 17 years. Sixteen of 26 patients were female. Most patients had mild findings consistent with Graves' disease. Proptosis was noted in 10 of 26 (38%). Lid retraction was present in 6 of 26 (23%). Mild corneal punctuate staining was identified in only 3 of the 26 patients (12%). No patients had strabismus or optic neuropathy. Three newly diagnosed Graves' patients who were seen as the retrospective review was being completed were all girls. All three had normal vision, motility, and fundus exams. Two had mild proptosis, lid retraction, and lid lag on down gaze. None had corneal, motility, or optic nerve pathology. These findings are consistent...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 29, 2010·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Katharina A PontoGeorge J Kahaly
Dec 5, 2012·International Journal of Endocrinology·J Jankauskiene, D Jarusaitiene
Jul 26, 2014·PloS One·Beata Jurecka-LubienieckaBarbara Jarzab
Mar 19, 2014·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·Juliane LégerJean Claude Carel
Apr 30, 2014·Indian Journal of Pediatrics·Deep DuttaSubhankar Chowdhury
Jan 1, 2012·Retinal Cases & Brief Reports·Vivek Dave, Annie Mathai
Jun 19, 2015·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·Erin R OkawaJessica R Smith
Nov 22, 2013·Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología·S NovalE Ciancas
Jun 19, 2012·The Medical Clinics of North America·Michael GonzalesRomesh Khardori
Nov 3, 2010·Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Linda R DagiOscar A Cruz
Nov 12, 2013·Orbit·Nigel Chen Siang LimGangadhara Sundar
Jun 3, 2015·Pediatrics in Review·Shylaja Srinivasan, Madhusmita Misra
Jul 15, 2016·International Journal of Endocrinology·Dalia JarusaitieneJurate Jankauskiene
Nov 3, 2015·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Chris Y WuAlon Kahana
Jun 16, 2018·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Jimmy M UddinShirin Hamed-Azzam
Oct 22, 2019·The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery·Hee Young ChoiJung Hyo Ahn
Feb 13, 2014·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·T DianaG J Kahaly
Sep 30, 2016·Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM·Justyna Szczapa-JagustynJarosław Kocięcki
Jan 27, 2018·Autoimmunity·Karolina StożekGeorge J Kahaly
Mar 1, 2017·Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism·Prasanthi Pasala, Gary L Francis
Dec 12, 2017·Journal of Ophthalmology·Jurate Jankauskiene, Dalia Jarusaitiene
Mar 9, 2018·International Ophthalmology Clinics·Yasmin P Mali, Mays El-Dairi
Jul 10, 2018·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Michael R ChuaWilliam R Katowitz
Apr 8, 2021·Ophthalmology·Richard C AllenMark J Lucarelli
Jul 23, 2009·Current Opinion in Pediatrics
Dec 25, 2021·Acta Ophthalmologica·Ioana C IonescuPeerooz Saeed

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