Pediatric tuberculosis: new guidelines and recommendations

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
Carlos M Perez-Velez

Abstract

To discuss the recommendations pertaining to infants, children, and adolescents in new and updated tuberculosis (TB) guidelines that have been published since 2010 - with emphasis on those from supranational organizations. The main developments in the guidelines covered in this article are related to: novel diagnostics for TB infection, disease, and drug resistance; updated treatment regimens for childhood and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB); and primary and secondary prevention of TB disease in HIV-infected children and adolescents. These new guidelines have significant implications for improving pediatric TB care. Regarding diagnosis, current interferon-gamma release assays should not replace tuberculin skin testing, but may be complementary; a polymerase chain reaction assay has been validated for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in microscopy-negative samples, especially in HIV-infected and DR-TB suspects; and a molecular line probe assay has been validated for detecting DR-TB in microscopy-positive samples and culture isolates in DR-TB suspects. With respect to treatment, there have been certain changes in the recent World Health Organization recommendations for certain clinical syndromes, for multi...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Apr 12, 2013·The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·M GegiaJ Furin
Sep 24, 2016·Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal·Ozgul YigitSelami Ulas
Aug 4, 2015·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Yun PanChaomin Zhu
Feb 13, 2013·Pediatric Pulmonology·Silvia GarazzinoPier-Angelo Tovo
Apr 5, 2016·Pediatric Dermatology·Maria Teresa García-RomeroRoberto Arenas
Mar 24, 2015·Tuberculosis·Vanessa CliffordNigel Curtis
Feb 1, 2015·The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases·Angela Marcia Cabral MendonçaClemax Couto Sant'Anna
Aug 16, 2016·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Payam NahidAndrew Vernon
Jul 24, 2014·Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia·Josemir Belo dos SantosVanessa Lucília Sileira de Medeiros
Nov 1, 2016·Clinical Pediatrics·James T LuckeySrividya Naganathan
Oct 21, 2017·Pediatric Radiology·Supika KritsaneepaiboonNathan David P Concepcion
Sep 25, 2019·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Napoleon González SaldañaJose Ivan Castillo Bejarano

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