PMID: 6403629Apr 1, 1983Paper

Percutaneous penetration of three insecticides in rats: a comparison of two methods for in vivo determination

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
P V Shah, F E Guthrie

Abstract

Percutaneous penetration of three insecticides was studied by two methods. The indirect (excretion analysis) and direct (skin patch removal) methods for determining penetration were compared in rats. Radiolabeled solutions of parathion, carbaryl, and DDT were applied to previously shaved rats at the rate of 4 micrograms/cm2. Recoveries of radioactivity in urine, feces, application site, and various tissues were measured at intervals over a 5-day period. Urinary excretion rates were corrected for incomplete excretion by intraperitoneal applications. In the 5 days following intraperitoneal administration, the urinary excretion of parathion and carbaryl was greater than 80% while less than 5% of DDT was excreted. A good correlation was found between the indirect and direct methods utilized to determine percutaneous absorption rates with the compounds tested at the later time intervals. All compounds showed more than 85% dermal penetration within 5 days. At the early time intervals (greater than 24 h), penetration by the direct method was significantly greater for parathion and carbaryl than by the indirect method.

Citations

Jan 1, 1987·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health·P V ShahL L Hall
Dec 25, 2009·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Mai A NgoHoward I Maibach
Jul 1, 1986·The British Journal of Dermatology·R L Bronaugh, T J Franz
Jan 16, 2010·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Matthew A Miller, Gerald B Kasting
Jan 1, 2004·Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods·Nathalie H GosselinGaétan Carrier

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.