Performance evaluation of a dual-energy x-ray bone densitometer

Calcified Tissue International
R MazessJ Hanson

Abstract

We tested a dual-energy bone densitometer (LUNAR DPX) that uses a stable x-ray generator and a K-edge filter to achieve the two energy levels. A conventional scintillation detector in pulse-counting mode was used together with a gain stabilizer. The densitometer normally performs spine and femur scans in about 6 minutes and 3 minutes, respectively, with adequate spatial resolution (1.2 x 1.2 mm). Total body scans take either 10 minutes or 20 minutes. The long-term (6 months, n = 195) precision of repeat measurement on an 18-cm thick spine phantom was 0.6% at the medium speed. Precision error in vivo was about 0.6, 0.9 and 1.5% for spine scans (L2-L4) at slow, medium and fast speeds, while the error was 1.2 and 1.5 to 2.0%, respectively, for femur scans at slow and medium speed. The precision of total body bone density was 0.5% in vitro and in vivo. The response to increasing amounts of calcium hydroxyapatite was linear (r = 0.99). The densitometer accurately indicated (within 1%) the actual amount of hydroxyapatite after correction for physiological amounts of marrow fat. The measured area corresponded exactly (within 0.5%) to that of known annuli and to the radiographic area of spine phantoms. There was no significant effect o...Continue Reading

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