Perinatal inflammation influences but does not arrest rapid immune development in preterm babies.

Nature Communications
S. KamdarDeena Gibbons

Abstract

Infection and infection-related complications are important causes of death and morbidity following preterm birth. Despite this risk, there is limited understanding of the development of the immune system in those born prematurely, and of how this development is influenced by perinatal factors. Here we prospectively and longitudinally follow a cohort of babies born before 32 weeks of gestation. We demonstrate that preterm babies, including those born extremely prematurely (<28 weeks), are capable of rapidly acquiring some adult levels of immune functionality, in which immune maturation occurs independently of the developing heterogeneous microbiome. By contrast, we observe a reduced percentage of CXCL8-producing T cells, but comparable levels of TNF-producing T cells, from babies exposed to in utero or postnatal infection, which precedes an unstable post-natal clinical course. These data show that rapid immune development is possible in preterm babies, but distinct identifiable differences in functionality may predict subsequent infection mediated outcomes.

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Citations

Jul 15, 2020·Seminars in Immunopathology·Alexander HumbergUNKNOWN German Neonatal Network, German Center for Lung Research and Priming Immunity at the beginning of life (PRIMAL) Consortium
Jun 26, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Thomas SproatSophie Hambleton
Oct 3, 2020·The FEBS Journal·Daniel CostaRobert Castelo
Sep 10, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Laura S PetersonBrice Gaudilliere
Oct 8, 2021·Nature Immunology·Sarah GeeDeena L Gibbons

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
PCA
FCS
PCR

Software Mentioned

R
DADA2
lmer
mblm
decontam
tidyr
dplyr
ggplot2
LME4 R

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