Perineural administration of dexmedetomidine in combination with bupivacaine enhances sensory and motor blockade in sciatic nerve block without inducing neurotoxicity in rat.

Anesthesiology
Chad M BrummettRalph Lydic

Abstract

The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that high-dose dexmedetomidine added to local anesthetic would increase the duration of sensory and motor blockade in a rat model of sciatic nerve blockade without causing nerve damage. Thirty-one adult Sprague-Dawley rats received bilateral sciatic nerve blocks with either 0.2 ml bupivacaine, 0.5%, and 0.5% bupivacaine plus 0.005% dexmedetomidine in the contralateral extremity, or 0.2 ml dexmedetomidine, 0.005%, and normal saline in the contralateral extremity. Sensory and motor function were assessed by a blinded investigator every 30 min until the return of normal sensory and motor function. Sciatic nerves were harvested at either 24 h or 14 days after injection and analyzed for perineural inflammation and nerve damage. High-dose dexmedetomidine added to bupivacaine significantly enhanced the duration of sensory and motor blockade. Dexmedetomidine alone did not cause significant motor or sensory block. All of the nerves analyzed had normal axons and myelin at 24 h and 14 days. Bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine showed less perineural inflammation at 24 h than the bupivacaine group when compared with the saline control. The finding that high-dose dexmedetomidine can safely i...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 20, 2012·British Journal of Anaesthesia·D MarhoferM Zeitlinger
Jun 26, 2013·British Journal of Anaesthesia·S C Kettner
Nov 19, 2009·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Brian A WilliamsSteven L Orebaugh
Nov 18, 2009·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Volkan HanciIşil Ozkoçak Turan
Apr 1, 2011·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Lavinia M Kolarczyk, Brian A Williams
Feb 7, 2013·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Allison JandaChad M Brummett
Oct 1, 2011·International Anesthesiology Clinics·Chad M Brummett, Brian A Williams
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Aug 9, 2011·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Keira P Mason, Jerrold Lerman
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Feb 2, 2011·F1000 Medicine Reports·Irina Grosu, Patricia Lavand'homme
Sep 8, 2011·Journal of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology·Anju Grewal
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Aug 9, 2011·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Brian M Ilfeld
Jul 15, 2015·European Journal of Pharmacology·Yuka HondaTakuya Miyawaki

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