Peripheral Biomarkers for Early Detection of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases

Molecular Neurobiology
Thein Than HtikeBalázs Gulyás

Abstract

Neurological disorders are found to be influencing the peripheral tissues outside CNS. Recent developments in biomarkers for CNS have emerged with various diagnostic and therapeutic shortcomings. The role of central biomarkers including CSF-based and molecular imaging-based probes are still unclear for early diagnosis of major neurological diseases. Current trends show that early detection of neurodegenerative diseases with non-invasive methods is a major focus of researchers, and the development of biomarkers aiming peripheral tissues is in demand. Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are known for the progressive loss in neural structures or functions, including the neural death. Various dysfunctions of metabolic and biochemical pathways are associated with early occurrence of neuro-disorders in peripheral tissues including skin, blood cells, and eyes. This article reviews the peripheral biomarkers explored for early detection of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases including blood cells, skin fibroblast, proteomics, saliva, olfactory, stomach and colon, heart and peripheral nervous system, and others. Graphical Abstract.

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Citations

Jul 1, 2020·CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics·Michael Ugrumov
Jul 24, 2020·Scientific Reports·Nsrein AliSeppo J Vainio
Oct 8, 2020·World Journal of Biological Chemistry·Angeles C Tecalco-CruzJesus Zepeda-Cervantes
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Dec 16, 2020·Emerging Topics in Life Sciences·Parasuraman PadmanabhanBalázs Gulyás
Feb 14, 2021·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Simona DanieleUbaldo Bonuccelli
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May 8, 2021·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Karolina DrabikJoanna Szczepanowska

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
electrophoresis
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
light scattering
imaging techniques
biopsy
fluorescence imaging
biopsies
plasma

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