Peripheral muscle alterations in non-COPD smokers

Chest
Maria Montes de OcaCarlos Tálamo

Abstract

Although tobacco smoke is the main cause of COPD, relatively little attention has been paid to its potential damage to skeletal muscle. This article addresses the effect of smoking on skeletal muscle. The vastus lateralis muscle was studied in 14 non-COPD smokers (FEV(1)/FVC, 78 +/- 5%) and 20 healthy control subjects (FEV(1)/FVC, 80 +/- 3%). Muscular structure, enzyme activity, constitutive and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthases (endothelial NO oxide synthase [eNOS], neuronal NO synthase [nNOS] and inducible NO synthase [iNOS]), nitrites, nitrates, nitrotyrosine, and the presence of macrophages were analyzed. In smokers, type I muscle fibers cross-sectional area was decreased, and a similar trend was found in type IIa fibers. Lactate dehydrogenase levels and the percentage of fibers with low oxidative and high glycolytic capacity were increased in smokers. nNOS (96.9 +/- 11.7 vs 125.4 +/- 31.9 ng/mg protein; p < 0.01) and eNOS (38.9 +/- 11.0 vs 45.2 +/- 7.7 ng/mg protein [+/- SD]; p < 0.05) were lower in smokers, while fiber type distribution, capillarity measures, beta-hydroxy-acyl-CoA-dehydrogenase levels, iNOS, nitrite, nitrate, and nitrotyrosine levels, and macrophage number in the muscle tissue were similar to the nons...Continue Reading

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