Perivascular Adipose Tissue: the Sixth Man of the Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
Chak Kwong ChengYu Huang

Abstract

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) refers to the local aggregate of adipose tissue surrounding the vascular tree, exhibiting phenotypes from white to brown and beige adipocytes. Although PVAT has long been regarded as simply a structural unit providing mechanical support to vasculature, it is now gaining reputation as an integral endocrine/paracrine component, in addition to the well-established modulator endothelium, in regulating vascular tone. Since the discovery of anti-contractile effect of PVAT in 1991, the use of multiple rodent models of reduced amounts of PVAT has revealed its regulatory role in vascular remodeling and cardiovascular implications, including atherosclerosis. PVAT does not only release PVAT-derived relaxing factors (PVRFs) to activate multiple subsets of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle potassium channels and anti-inflammatory signals in the vasculature, but it does also provide an interface for neuron-adipocyte interactions in the vascular wall to regulate arterial vascular tone. In this review, we outline our current understanding towards PVAT and attempt to provide hints about future studies that can sharpen the therapeutic potential of PVAT against cardiovascular diseases and their complications.

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Citations

Oct 12, 2018·Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy·Y Eugene Chen
Feb 26, 2019·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Anna Zemančíková, Jozef Török
Jul 28, 2019·British Journal of Pharmacology·Chak Kwong ChengYu Huang
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Christine BourgeoisOlivier Lambotte
Feb 6, 2020·Scientific Reports·Stephanie W WattsSara Roccabianca
Oct 3, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·G Andres ContrerasStephanie W Watts
Dec 18, 2020·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Tong Wei (魏彤)Weili Shen (沈伟利)
Mar 23, 2021·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Hong ShiNeal L Weintraub
Nov 30, 2021·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·Edwyn O Cruz-LópezA H Jan Danser

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic

Software Mentioned

PVAT

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