Abstract
Long-term success of revascularization procedures is limited by recurrent stenosis, a reduction in vascular lumen area that results from neointimal hyperplasia. Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, such as losartan, have potential to prevent recurrent stenosis; however, to date, efficacy has not been demonstrated in either animal models or human beings. While we have previously reported that treatment with a satisfactory dose may be an important element in obtaining efficacy, oral delivery cannot achieve the required concentration. We therefore tested the ability of losartan to restrict neointimal hyperplasia after local delivery of an elevated dose in a fibrin glue. The porcine saphenous artery was subjected to balloon angioplasty. Losartan (25 micromol/mL) was applied directly to the adventitial surface of the injured vessel after mixing with 1.0 mL of Tisseel. Neointimal formation was quantified after 14 days with morphometry, and immunologic staining was used to monitor expression of proteins associated with cell proliferation, migration, and phenotypic modulation. A statistically significant decrease of 82% (n = 5) in neointimal area was obtained with losartan, and cell proliferation, as defined by proliferating cel...Continue Reading
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